Health

Gluconate can also eat products --
Gluconic acid series products are food, medicine and other industries use a wide range of products, in the body plays an important role in metabolism, the USP calcium gluconate injection containing tablets, glucose, potassium, iron gluconate and American mass production. In the food processing industry is well developed in Japan, food additives certificate clearly documented gluconate, gluconic acid-δ-lactone, zinc gluconate, calcium gluconate, ferrous gluconate, copper gluconate can be used as food additive to glucose deep processing of raw materials, in addition to the crystallization of glucose can produce acid, gluconic acid-δ-lactone, but also to create a variety of salts, such as potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, copper and so on. These are all essential trace elements in the human body, human lack of them, the disease can occur, such as would be caused by iron deficiency anemia, because iron is hemoglobin and myoglobin part of the organizations involved in oxidation and transport of carbon dioxide, ferrous sulfate treatment of anemia over the past , although the human body can absorb, but to stimulate the stomach, raises a number of adverse reactions, it is to use ferrous gluconate, the GI had no significant response, the effect of good iron, in the light of this situation, the state, with the gluconic acid potassium, sodium, calcium, zinc, copper, iron, manganese, etc., as enhancer and medicinal human nutrition supplements, have a very good therapeutic effect. Long-term, scientific and rational use of the improvement of physical quality of a nation is self-evident, according to Japanese statistics, Japan's young people after World War II, an increase of the average height of 14.8cm, which is in the food, pharmaceutical manufacturers scientific and rational in the use of gluconic acid trace elements are inseparable. In our country, well-known injection of calcium gluconate, zinc gluconate tablets and oral solution have important physiological function, treatment capabilities, "Calcium-energy", "Oral iron" is a hot country full verification.
Adverse reactions and their attention is as follows:
(1) intravenous injection of hypertonic glucose solution whether or not they should pay attention to vascular leakage, so as to avoid phlebitis, in the same position for injection of 5% -10% concentration of liquid at the same complications may also occur.
(2) the treatment of cerebral edema, when the use of hypertonic solution such as a sudden stop, and high rebound phenomenon resulting in the recurrence of cerebral edema, it can not be stopped suddenly, but slowly reduce until the Disable.
(3) subcutaneous injection should not do to avoid skin necrosis.
(4) intracranial hemorrhage, or spinal cord, as well as membrane dehydration delirium when patients are prohibiting the use of hypertonic glucose injection to avoid accidents.
Glucose verify: aldehyde authentication
1. Glucose solution with the new generation of cupric hydroxide liquid reaction muddy sediments brick red
CH2OH (CHOH) 4CHO +2 Cu (OH) 2 --- heating → CH2OH (CHOH) 4COOH + Cu2O ↓ +2 H2O
2. Glucose solution and the reaction of ammonia solution silver silver mirror reaction
CH2OH (CHOH) 4CHO +2 Ag (NH3) 2OH (water heating) → CH2OH (CHOH) 4COONH4 +2 Ag ↓ +3 NH3 + H2O
CAS No.: 50-99-7
Although the glucose molecules containing aldehyde, d-glucose but not containing aldehyde.
Glucose
Glucose
The most common of six carbon monosaccharide, also known as dextrose. Or a combination of free form, widespread in the biosphere. Grapes, figs and honey and other sweet fruit, the more free glucose. Normal plasma glucose level of 3.89 ~ 6.11mmol / L, the general non-free urine glucose, urine in patients with diabetes more content. Free of blood or urine glucose measurement, routine clinical examination of a project. Combination of glucose mainly in glycogen, starch, cellulose, hemicellulose and other polysaccharides; some oligosaccharides, such as: maltose, sucrose, lactose, and various forms of glycosides also contain glucose.
Natural glucose, either free or combined, are D configuration, in aqueous solution mainly oxygenated pyran ring-type configuration exists for the α and β configuration of the value of two-state mixture.
At room temperature conditions, can be β-D-glucose hydrate (including a water molecule) forms from the supersaturated aqueous solution of crystal precipitation, melting point of 80 ℃; and in between 50 ~ 115 ℃ was no precipitation of crystals water-α-D-glucose, melting point 146 ℃; 115 ℃ for more than the form of precipitation, compared with the stability of β-D-glucose, a melting point of 148 ~ 150 ℃. Furan ring forms of glucose combined with state of the existence of only a small number of natural compounds. [α-D-glucose (D-]-D-glucose (D-"class = image> [type) [] = +113, solution balance of +52.2 D-glucose]] = +113, solution balance of +52.2 D-glucose "class = image> [(straight chain) β-D-glucose (D-type) [β] = +19, solution] = +19, the solution" class = image > [balance of +52.2] "class = image>
D-glucose with the general chemical properties of aldose: the role of the oxidant, the generation of gluconic acid, glucose acid or glucuronic acid; in the role of reducing agent to produce sorbitol; role in the weak base, the glucose can be with another two structure similar to the six-carbon sugar and fructose ─ ─ ─ ─ mannose enol between each other through the transformation. Glucose can also be combined with phenylhydrazine to produce glucose脎, which is the melting point in the crystal shape and are different from other脎sugar, glucose can be used as a means of identification.
The majority of biological systems with biodegradable enzymes D-glucose to obtain energy capacity. In living cells, such as mammalian muscle cells or single cells of yeast cells, glucose has been carried out for non-aerobic glycolysis of the way of the TCA cycle and aerobic bio-oxidation process generates carbon dioxide and water, releasing more and more energy to ATP (adenosine triphosphate) to the form of storage for the growth, sports activities and other life needs. In the case of oxygen, glucose is broken down only to generate lactic acid or ethanol, the release of a much less energy; wine is the process of anaerobic decomposition. Industries, using acid or enzymatic hydrolysis of starch glucose system can be used to do a food, liquor, pharmaceutical raw materials such as industrial production.