Health

Autism
Children to talk about autism
Children with autism took place in a comprehensive early childhood mental disorders, mainly in the following performance:
(1) lonely outliers, not with the establishment of normal ties.
That is, the lack of interaction with people. The tendency of exchange, and some children from infancy on the performance of the features, such as from an early age and parents are not pro, not like others to have, when people picked him to refrain from looking forward to the performance of the position to pick up do not take the initiative to kids, people looking to escape the performance of his playing time, failed to respond to calls for a total of like their own separate activities, and playing by ourselves. Although some children with the performance of non-rejection of the others, but it will not carry out exchanges with children, that is, the lack of social interaction skills, such as when the children were not looking for people like film is about pulling people or people suddenly embrace the past and then their left seems to make people, pulling people are not looking for people to contact but only an action, or only one form of contact, without contact with the content and purpose of people. Their loneliness is also reflected in the surrounding matter do not care, seems to turn a deaf ear to, turn a blind eye to what to do on their own are willing to do, with impunity,旁若无人, what is happening around seem to have nothing to do with him, it is difficult to arouse his interest and Note that the regular changes in vision, not someone else asked him to remain in the mind above, they seem to live in their own little world. In addition to their eyes do not even watch the other side to avoid each other's eyes, normal eyes also waver when indecisive man often眯着眼, such as strabismus or Yu rarely smiling face up to very little performance, but also from the people will not say hello.
(2) The language barrier is very prominent.
The majority of children with language rarely, severe cases almost non-life language, would say to use a limited vocabulary, and even though some would say that children are often reluctant to speak and gesture can be replaced by Ning. Some will say, but not loud enough, talking to himself very low or monotonous repetition of words. Some children will only mimic what others have said, and will not use their own language to talk to. Many children do not question or answer questions, just repeat other people's questioning. Exchanges of language often used in confusing pronoun reversal, such as the commonly used "you" and "he" instead of his own. There are a lot of screaming children with autism often appear, which sometimes can last until 5 or 6 years old or more.
(3) interest in a narrow, stereotyped behavior repetition, strong demand environment will remain unchanged.
Children with autism often have a longer time to focus on one or a few games or activities, such as rotating lid on the fascinating, monotonous building block in place, eager to watch TV ads and weather forecasts, in the face of often like children animation, children's television, film is no interest, some children eat the same food every day, go out the same line, the same toilet bowel requirements, if a scene change is crying obvious performance anxiety reaction, not willing to change its original form the habits and behavior, it is difficult to adapt to the new environment, the majority of children with no purpose but also the performance of activities, excessive, monotonous crowhop repeated, clapping, waving, running rotation, and some even self-injury self-mutilation, such as挖鼻孔repeatedly, to pull the mouth,咬唇, sucking action and so on.
(4) Most of intellectual backwardness and uneven development.
The majority of mental development retardation than children the same age, a small number of children with normal or near normal intelligence. However, in one aspect of intellectual activity have also surprisingly good, it is inconceivable that many children with a strong mechanical memory, especially for the memory symbols. For places like 3,4-year-old children read, see the words on the study asked what the initiative, and only once asked to remember, for he can easily and fluently read a story book for children that he has a lot of vocabulary, but he wants the wording to express the meaning of their own when there is an obvious difficulty, that they understand the language and the use of the existence of language ability damage.
If children with autism receive appropriate education, they can obtain a considerable improvement. Involvement in education can be of any age to autism considerable progress. Through education and training, autistic children can have a happy life with life skills, access to the community. Training on children with autism is the sooner the better, with wisdom and patience in order to open the children "autistic" door. The international community more commonly used method of treatment of autism are as follows:
Education and Treatment: The main goal is to teach them some useful social skills, such as the ability to deal with life, with people the ways and skills, with the surrounding environment the ability to coordinate. Here is mainly related to the educational environment for the community. When a child has been diagnosed as "autism" after, even if he (she) has a good family environment, but if they are excluded from the schools, the prospect of access to the sound development remains slim. This requires that children with community kindergartens, primary schools have to accept children with autism and teacher awareness of the foundation, so that will help children living in a pleasant atmosphere.
Behavior therapy: The principal objective is to promote the socialization of children with autism and language development, as far as possible, rule out the possibility of pathological behavior in children, such as rigid and self-injury, aggressive. Generally used in highly structured environment for the conduct of the special behavior modification. As a result of defects in children and their family environment different personality, so treatment should be individualized, transplanted to the home or on other occasions. Of promoting children's social development, not long-term hospitalization to the family as a base through training of parents, family members made in close cooperation to achieve the best results of behavior therapy. Drug therapy: current drug therapy also can not change the course of autism, only a certain extent, to control symptoms. The main medicines used in the central nervous system stimulants, antipsychotics, depression agents, vitamins and so on.
For the treatment of children with autism should be to achieve early detection, early diagnosis, early intervention. Understanding of autism as a result of the domestic late, carried out abroad, early intervention early in our country has just begun. Early intervention is a purposeful, systematic and organized educational measures that will enable 6-year-old found in children with autism before the resumption of normal or near normal to the intellectual, social skills, language skills, the ability of daily life to be different improvement in the level of some pre-school children into the normal school.
The main areas of early intervention is the field of children's five acts. During the campaign, including gross motor and fine movements, such as the feet while dancing, tap, string ball, etc., can promote the development of the brain and enhance children's hand-eye coordination. In terms of language, including language comprehension, pronunciation and expression. The cognitive aspects, including visual perception, such as identifying colors; auditory perception, such as voice identification; tactile perception, such as feeling hot and cold; the understanding of a few. In daily life, including training them to wash our face, brushing teeth, dressing, such as the basic ability to live independently. Communication in the social context, encourage them to participate in group activities, group games, contacts with others to correct inappropriate expression: such as spitting,怪叫; and the cultivation of social contacts to communicate with the outside world, return to society.
An overview of autism treatment
[May 29, 2002, read 2337 the number of people]
Psychological therapy
(Psychotherapeutic Approaches to Treatment)
In the early days, due to the prevalence of heart because of the doctrine, and therefore a direct impact on autistic children and their parents accepted the treatment; in this period, either directly or indirectly aimed at children for parents, the most common methods of treatment are psychotherapy Act. However, this method did not follow-up studies to support their theory.
Chinese Medicine
(Physical Approaches to Treatment)
As a result of that theory of autism and schizophrenia-related impact, making for some time, the therapy in the treatment of schizophrenia is often used in the treatment of patients with autism, some of the drug treatment of schizophrenia has also been used in the treatment of autism. However, due to autism and schizophrenia is very different, and difficult to have a drug effective against all symptoms of autism have the efficacy of treatments in Chinese medicine is mainly responsible for dealing with autistic patients a number of physiological problems (such as epilepsy), behavioral problems (such as hyperactivity) of control, or through genetic counseling to prevent the occurrence of autism and so on. In addition, research indicates that drug treatment of autism can be seen as a whole aspect of infertility treatment by the assessment, drug analysis, the effect of multi-diagnosis and evaluation of some autistic patients, drug therapy also therapy can be regarded as one of security.
Education Therapy
In the late O and 196 O in the early 197, as a result of autism no longer be regarded as a kind of schizophrenia caused by psychological or social factors, autism treatment and education, therefore there are major changes. Replaced by the importance of interpersonal help autistic society, language ability, and cognitive function in development.
In the education sector, begun to emphasize the importance of autism appropriate sex education in school facilities, was also expanded to cover the light of pre-school education, or residential school, the guidance after graduation, many scholars have shown that autistic children to receive education time the duration and the development of its future there is a strong correlation, while the effect of structured teaching style much better than a laissez-faire approach.
Behavior therapy
Appropriate educational facilities, while increasing attention to theory-based behavior therapy also began to develop, by the mid-196 O, constraints of the theory has been widely used in the treatment of a wide range of children, but autistic children behavioral therapy through the isolation, weakened, punished, and so differences in methods to improve the improper conduct, including self-injury, self-stimulation, hyperactivity, aggressive behavior and so on. The beginning of the operation was the use of restraint techniques in patients with autism to enhance other capabilities, such as self-care, functional training, and even further by the use of language in social interaction and communication skills of the training. Although remarkable results, but there is still need to consider the following questions:
First, for many the treatment of almost all cases the report can not effectively control.
Second, the majority of treatment only for a specific change in behavior, there is no long-term impact of specific considerations.
Third, with little regard for children at various stages of development needs and individual differences.
Fourth, assessment of behavioral change in the treatment of the majority of places, not to consider the possibility of generalization to non-treatment of other places
Fifth, the long-term follow-up counseling is a need
Other therapies
There are the following for the special treatment of autism-related skills Education:
Aversion therapy, physical therapy, dance therapy, the development of therapy, speech therapy, play therapy method of music therapy, hugging therapy, interactive therapy, sensory integration, return to the mainstream way of non-nursing home placement.
Training in early autism family guidance methods (continued)
[May 29, 2002, read 1545 the number of people]
Each item can refer to the following to teach a few examples: